For pathogenic microorganisms, heme uptake and degradation is a critical mechanism for iron acquisition that enables multiplication and survival within hosts they invade. While the bacterial proteins involved in heme ...

The archaeal flagellum is a unique motility structure. Although functionally similar to the bacterial flagellum, the archaeal flagellum shares more similarities to the bacterial type IV pilus. Using the methanogenic archaea ...

The MexCD-OprJ multidrug efflux pump of Pseudomonas aeruginosa confers resistance to a range of antimicrobials. Although not expressed under normal laboratory conditions, exposure to the membrane-active biocides, chlorhexidine ...

Every aerobic organism expresses cytochrome c oxidase to catalyze reduction of molecular oxygen to water, and takes advantage of this energy releasing reaction to produce an electrochemical gradient used in cellular energy ...

Proteins modularity enhances the multi-functionality and versatility of proteins by providing such properties as multiple and various ligand-binding sites, increased ligand affinity through the avidity effect, and the ...

Background/Objective: Reperfusion injury is a serious consequence of blood flow reestablishment after myocardial infarction (MI) mediated by reactive oxygen species and neutrophilic cellular damage. Following MI, the left ...

Archaeal protein trafficking is a poorly understood process that is only beginning to unfold. Integral to this process are the various signal peptidases. Two types of archaeal signal peptidases are identified thus far: ...

RdoA is a bacterial protein kinase from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium first noted for its regulation of dsbA expression in this organism. The crystal structure of RdoA’s homologue, YihE from Escherichia coli, ...

Exposure to benzene, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has been linked to leukemogenesis, although the mechanism of benzene initiated carcinogenesis remains unclear. It has been proposed that benzene can be bioactivated ...