QSpace: Queen's Scholarship & Digital Collections
QSpace is an open access repository for scholarship and research produced at Queen's University. QSpace offers faculty, students, staff, and researchers a free and secure home to preserve and present their scholarship.
Recent Submissions
Item Human Activity Recognition based on Skeleton and Point Cloud Data(2024-10-04)With the demand for understanding human actions automatically, Human Activity Recognition is now becoming a prominent topic in the area of artificial intelligence. Human activity can be represented by multiple sources of data, such as RGB, optical flow, skeleton, depth, and point cloud. These various data types from different sensors enable HAR applications in numerous real-life scenarios, including surveillance, healthcare, and human-computer interaction. Among all kinds of data, skeleton and point cloud data have shown great potential in real-life applications. Researchers have focused on developing methods that combine the advantages of these two types of data. Skeleton data is effective in capturing the topological graph of human poses and offers computational efficiency compared to more complex data types. Point cloud data, on the other hand, has its advantages for indoor activities and information collection within a fixed space. We can first collect point cloud data and convert it into skeleton data, which has similar properties, for further processing. We propose a framework called Skeletal Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network that first utilizes Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network to convert raw point cloud data into skeleton data, preserving useful feature information for classification in the next stage. Then, the network, Spatial Temporal Graph Convolutional Network++, is applied for classification tasks to process the converted skeleton data. We validate our framework on the MMActivity dataset and the DGUHA dataset. Our model outperforms on the MMActivity dataset and the DGUHA dataset with Top-1 accuracy of 99.73% and 99.25%, and F1-Score of 99.62% and 99.25% respectively.Item Trace Elements and Sulfur Isotope Variations in Endowed and Non-Endowed Porphyry Systems of the Dawson Range Mineral Belt, Yukon Territory(2024-10-04)The Dawson Range Mineral Belt (DRMB) in the Yukon Territory is a geologically complex region with significant potential for critical mineral exploration. This study addresses the challenges of exploring this area, focusing on select trace elements and sulfur isotope analyses to distinguish between endowed deposits and non-endowed occurrences. The remote location, poor access, and extensive glacial deposits complicate exploration efforts. The study analyzed fifty-six samples from eight porphyry systems, classifying them into endowed deposits (Casino, Cash, Revenue, Carmacks, and Minto) and non-endowed occurrences (Kerr, Cyprus, and Cockfield). Trace element analysis shows that endowed zones have higher concentrations of Cu, Mo, Au, Se and Re. Additionally, endowed samples had Cu concentrations ≥ 400 ppm, and non-endowed samples had Cu concentrations < 400 ppm. Sulfur isotope analysis of fifty-two sulfides from different mineral deposit/occurrence and host setting showed that the general δ³⁴S value in the region range from -6.6 to +5.8‰, with endowed deposits having a narrower range (-3.9 to +3.4‰) compared to non-endowed occurrences (-6.6 to +5.8‰). The alteration zones and weathering profiles of the samples were assessed, providing insights into genetic relationships of both sample groups. A sequence observed in the classified subgroups revealed δ³⁴S values in the order of ‘Argillic ≤ SCC (sericite-clay-chlorite) ≤ Potassic ≤ Phyllic ≤ Propylitic ≤ Argillic’ for alteration zones, and ‘Hypogene ≤ Supergene sulfide ≤ Supergene oxide’ for weathering profiles. Notably, the argillic alteration exhibited the widest δ³⁴S range, reflective of complex sulfur sources and processes. The δ34S values provide valuable insights into the provenance, geological and fluid evolution, as well as potential alteration and weathering zones within porphyry systems. They are, however, insufficient to definitively confirm the endowment criteria of mineral deposits, as fractionation factors are subject to changing conditions throughout the ore system's geological history. Understanding the regional zonation of δ34S can be a useful complementary tool in refining exploration findings, particularly when combined with other geological and geochemical data. This study emphasizes how integrating geochemical and isotopic data can refine exploration strategies, lower costs, and potentially identify new economically significant deposits, enhancing the global supply of critical minerals.Item Mapping Cognition Across Lab and Daily Life Using Experience Sampling(2024-10-04)The goal of psychological research is to understand behaviour in daily life. Although lab studies provide the control necessary to identify cognitive mechanisms behind behaviour, how these controlled situations generalise to activities in daily life remains unclear. Experience-sampling provides useful descriptions of cognition in the lab and real world and the current study examined how thought patterns generated by multidimensional experience-sampling (mDES) generalise across both contexts. We combined data from five published studies to generate a common ‘thought-space’ using data from the lab and daily life. This space represented data from both lab and daily life in an unbiased manner and grouped lab tasks and daily life activities with similar features (e.g., working in daily life was similar to working memory in the lab). Our study establishes mDES can map cognition from lab and daily life within a common space, allowing for more ecologically valid descriptions of cognition and behaviour.Item Exploring the Implications of Injury on Athlete Experiences with Positional Competition in Sport(2024-10-04)Background: Positional competition is an omnipresent and variable occurrence between athletes who occupy the same position within a team. Athletic injury has also been positioned as an inevitability in sport, with proposed implications for both the athlete and their team more generally. Interestingly, despite the salience of these two constructs, researchers have yet to explore their intersection in any detail. The current study leveraged athlete perceptions from Canadian football, which is a sport rich with both positional hierarchy and likelihood of injury. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of injury on experiences of positional competition within a USports football context and see how athletes described their interactions with the various social agents involved in playing time decisions across the injury experience. Methods: A two-phase qualitative study was conducted which involved individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups. In Phase 1, 12 USports OUA football athletes (Mage = 21.50; SD = 1.57) participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Positions of Phase 1 participants included Offensive Line, Receiver, H-Back, Running Back, Defensive Line, Linebacker, and Defensive Back, and in varying years of eligibility (Meligibility = 3.42; SD = 1.16). In Phase 2, 8 CWUAA and AUS USports football athletes (Mage = 22.25; SD = 1.49) participated in two focus groups. Positions of Phase 2 athletes included Quarterback, Offensive Line, Receiver, Linebacker, Defensive Back, and Long Snapper, and in varying years of eligibility (Meligibility = 3.5; SD = 1.41). Data were analyzed using a critical realist analysis approach, involving the identification of demi-regularities and the processes of abduction and retroduction. Results: Three key themes were created to represent athlete experiences with positional competition while injured. The first theme, “injury is inevitable in football”, revealed athlete experiences playing while injured and the relationship between injury status and competitive evaluation by coaches. The second theme, “athlete status is a key feature of positional competition while injured”, described high status as a mitigating factor in the relationship between injury and positional competition. The third theme, "injury creates and takes away opportunities", depicted the impact of an injury for other athletes to then compete for playing time opportunities. Conclusion and Recommendations: An athlete’s desire to garner playing time and not lose their position on the Depth Chart, as well as additional pressure in a team sports setting to not let their teammates and coaches down, motivates athletes to hide injury symptoms. This contributes to harmful cultural norms of maladaptive injury management in football programs. Higher status athletes have more access to resources for appropriate injury management and transparent social support, mitigating the relationship between injury and positional competition. Injury, while jeopardizing an athletes position on the Depth Chart, created opportunity for heightened competition for other athletes to fill the space, altering team cohesion. These findings have implications for athletes managing their own injury and recovery process, coaches seeking to maintain group cohesion in a complex environment, and all sport stakeholders hoping to enhance athlete experiences with injury and positional competition.Item Do Perceptions Change? Perceived Competency Appraisals for Neurocognitive Testing in Individuals with Early Psychosis(2024-10-04)Background: Early intervention and identification of factors underlying recovery are critical areas of concern in early psychosis. Neurocognitive deficits have consistently emerged as the primary ingredient for recovery in psychosis and cognitive remediation has proven to be the preferred intervention for this core feature of psychosis. However, room for improvement remains for full functional recovery following cognitive treatment. Research has primarily focused on motivation concerning treatment outcomes but has often overlooked constructs underlying motivation and individuals’ perceptions about their abilities. Theoretical models and prior research have proposed perceived competency as a concept underlying motivation; however, limited research has examined the mechanisms associated with perceived competency in early psychosis samples. The present study investigated perceived competency appraisals before and after a neurocognitive test battery in early psychosis and the associations between perceived competency, neurocognitive ability, behavioural avoidance, cognitive failures, and functioning. Methods: Individuals were recruited from an early psychosis program (N=63). Participants completed a neurocognitive test battery and self-report measures of behavioural avoidance, cognitive failures, and functioning. Participants appraised their perceived competency for completing the neurocognitive test battery both before and after. In a parallel mediation, behavioural avoidance and cognitive failures were investigated as underlying mechanisms of perceived competency to examine how participants baseline perceived competency before the neurocognitive test battery changed after completing the testing. Results: Perceived competency was significantly negatively associated with behavioural avoidance and cognitive failures but not with objective neurocognitive abilities or functioning. Significant positive associations were found between objective neurocognitive ability and self-perceptions of cognitive failures and functioning. Behavioural avoidance partially mediated the relationship between baseline and post-perceived competency appraisals, but cognitive failures did not. Conclusion: The current study advances the understanding of perceived competency in individuals with early psychosis, emphasizing the value of investigating the underlying mechanisms associated with this construct. By identifying behavioural avoidance as an underlying mechanism, the current study offers a potential target for intervention to increase perceived competency, and, ultimately, better treatment outcomes. The findings also highlight the utility of incorporating individuals’ self-perceptions of their abilities as an avenue to enhance outcomes following cognitive treatment for individuals with early psychosis.
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