Non-Aqueous Dispersion Polymerization for Automotive Coating Applications
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Authors
Yang, Weiwei
Date
2016-04-30
Type
thesis
Language
eng
Keyword
Particle Nucleation , Dispersions , Macromonomer , Nano-Particles , Radical Polymerization
Alternative Title
Abstract
Non-aqueous dispersion polymerization (NAD) is used to produce submicron sized particles utilized by the solvent-borne automotive coatings industry to prevent crack propagation, improve toughness and reduce energy requirements for drying. Despite its industrial significance, there have been few studies about particle nucleation and other qualities of the semibatch process. The dispersion features high solids (50-60 wt%) of higher molecular weight acrylic polymer, with the polymeric nanoparticles sterically stabilized by low molecular weight dispersant polymer chains anchored to the particle surface either by chemical or physical interaction.
The work presented in this thesis investigates three aspects influencing particle formation in the NAD system, i.e., the dispersant type, the multi-component core composition and the dispersant feeding procedure in the starved feed semibatch process. Three categories of unsaturated poly(methacrylate) dispersants are examined, a butyl methacrylate (BMA) based material with grafted vinyl functionality, vinyl-terminated BMA homopolymer macromers, and hydroxyl group functionalized macromers. The macromers provided more effective stabilization than the grafted dispersant, but the addition of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to the dispersant reduced stability. Average particle size of the dispersion increased with the addition of methyl methacrylate and styrene to the mix of monomers used to produce the particles. The increased effectiveness of the dispersant led to an investigation of reduced dispersant levels, increased monomer loading, and simplified dispersant feeding strategies while producing small particles (<150 nm) and keeping dispersion viscosity low (<500 cp). The findings are interpreted by considering the relative polarity of the dispersant, core polymer, and solvent mixture in the NAD system.
Description
Thesis (Ph.D, Chemical Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2016-04-29 19:57:00.786
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ProQuest PhD and Master's Theses International Dissemination Agreement
Intellectual Property Guidelines at Queen's University
Copying and Preserving Your Thesis
Creative Commons - Attribution - CC BY
This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner.