The Human Shoulder's Challenge: Powering Through the Torque-Velocity Trade-Off
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Authors
Lee, Kayla Dai-Ling
Date
2024-10-02
Type
thesis
Language
eng
Keyword
Shoulder biomechanics , Inverse dynamics , Upper limb , Kinematics and kinetics , Torque , Power , Angular velocity
Alternative Title
Abstract
The human shoulder likely evolved under selective pressures favouring diverse tasks that require high mobility, speed, and torque. For example, humans are uniquely adept at high-speed and accurate throwing. Prior work has aimed to quantify the kinematics and kinetics of upper limb movements in isometric or uniplanar motions. However, we still do not fully understand the tradeoffs of shoulder torque and power with angular velocity during functional tasks that are reflective of demands that may be relevant to the shoulder’s evolution. We developed a novel approach for upper limb 3D inverse dynamic calculations by integrating motion capture with an instrumented cable machine. Twenty-five participants performed a crossbody, isokinetic upper limb motion at various cable speeds in a rigid and free torso condition (self-imposed). Shoulder torque decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing angular velocity in 19 and 16 participants for the constrained and unconstrained conditions, respectively. Shoulder power increased significantly (p < 0.05) with angular velocity for 6 and 11 participants for constrained and unconstrained, respectively. T-tests revealed no statistical difference between the torso conditions for torque and power against angular velocity. Our findings suggest that despite having a trade-off in torque and velocity, the shoulder may be tuned to produce power over a wide range of velocities independent of energy transfer from the lower extremities.
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ProQuest PhD and Master's Theses International Dissemination Agreement
Intellectual Property Guidelines at Queen's University
Copying and Preserving Your Thesis
This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner.