Experimental Study of Low-Speed Gearbox Faults Using Vibration and Acoustic Emission Signals

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Authors

Jin, Chenyi

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thesis

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eng

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Low-speed Gearbox , Acoustic Emission , Vibration , Fault Detection

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Abstract

With the goal of finding an effective condition monitoring tool for low-speed gearbox applications, vibration-based tests and Acoustic Emission (AE) tests have been performed on several gearbox sets in normal and faulty conditions. Vibration based tests were conducted both on-site and off-line. Vibration signals from the gearboxes were mostly corrupted by background noise, as was demonstrated by the close proximity of dominant frequencies in the frequency spectrum. Among those, 121.5 Hz was observed as the most significant dominant frequency for both on-site and off-line test regardless of speed changes. This frequency response was speculated to be a property of electrical noise. The AE tests were conducted on faulty and normal gearboxes at different shaft speeds from 3 to 35 rpm. Hit-based, time-driven and frequency domain AE parameters were used to compare their effectiveness. The count rate, absolute energy and signal strength were found to be good hit-based parameters in this application. The count rate was the best hit-based parameter with the largest parameter difference value at a shaft speed of 25 rpm. The absolute energy was observed to be the best time-driven parameter. Both frequency and time-frequency analysis results indicated that the faulty gearbox has higher spectral peaks in the lower frequency range, which was confirmed numerically by the frequency centroid difference. AE was shown to be superior to vibration signal analysis in condition monitoring of low-speed gearbox faults with numerous AE parameters identified as showing significant differences between normal and faulty gearbox conditions.

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