Changes in Body Composition in Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome: A Compositional Data Aanalysis in Adults with Overweight and Obesity
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Authors
Miller, Erin J.
Date
Type
thesis
Language
eng
Keyword
Body Composition , Metabolic Syndrome , Compositional Data Analysis
Alternative Title
Abstract
Background: Current knowledge of the association between body composition and health outcomes is based on traditional regression techniques, where the components of body composition are treated as non-compositional independent variables. Mounting evidence suggests that body tissues are biologically co-dependent and therefore require a statistical technique that considers this. Compositional data analysis (CoDA) allows for the study of compositional co-dependent variables and is the optimal statistical technique for body composition research.
Purpose: To use a CoDA framework to explore the longitudinal association between body composition and the metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Methods: Participants included 288 (non-exercise control, n = 56; intervention, n = 232) physically inactive adults (age: 55.7±11.9 years [mean±SD]; 56.3% female) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 31.3±3.5 kg/m2) who participated in randomized controlled trials to determine the effects of exercise or caloric restriction on visceral adipose tissue (AT), abdominal and peripheral subcutaneous AT, other AT (e.g., intermuscular AT, pericardial AT), skeletal muscle and other lean tissues (e.g., organs, bone), assessed by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. The outcome was a continuous MetS score. Associations were examined using CoDA.
Results: Visceral AT, relative to the mass of the remaining tissues, was significantly associated with the MetS score pre- and post-intervention (P < 0.05). The slopes and intercepts of the pre- and post-intervention regression lines between relative visceral AT mass and MetS did not differ (P > 0.2). The relative contribution of the other tissues was not related to MetS pre- or post-intervention (P > 0.1). For a given weight loss, the greater the relative reduction in visceral AT, the larger the decrease in the CoDA predicted MetS score.
Conclusion: These CoDA findings reinforce that visceral AT is an important marker of cardiometabolic risk and should be a primary target for therapeutic strategies in individuals with overweight or obesity.
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ProQuest PhD and Master's Theses International Dissemination Agreement
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Copying and Preserving Your Thesis
This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner.
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International