Public Health Sciences, Department of
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Surgical versus medical treatment and mortality in patients with infective endocarditis: The effect of selection bias, immortal time bias, and time dependent confounding
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection of the endocardium. Available evidence on the comparative effect of medical versus surgical treatment of IE is limited by systematic error. It is unclear if ... -
Joint Modeling of Binary Response and Survival for Clustered data in Clinical Trials
(Wiley, 2020-02-10)In clinical trials, it is often desirable to evaluate the effect of a prognostic factor such as a marker response on a survival outcome. However, the marker response and survival outcome are usually associated with some ... -
Spatial Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Ontario
Introduction: In recent years, Ontario has witnessed a dramatic rise in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs); however, the spatial patterning and causal factors contributing to this increase are not fully ... -
Thyroid Cancer Treatment and Subsequent Infertility Diagnosis in Female Adolescents and Young Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Background: Unnecessary treatment of thyroid cancer as a result of increased surveillance may be associated with substantial side effects, including infertility, often without improvements in survival rates. Objective: ... -
Frequency of High Diagnostic Testing and its Association With the Specialist Interval in Ontario Symptomatic Breast Cancer Patients
Purpose: The breast cancer diagnostic process is complex. Patients can receive various tests including mammograms, ultrasounds, MRI scans and biopsies. A protracted time to diagnosis can affect a patient’s prognosis and ... -
Improving the Quality of Patient Reported Outcomes by Minimizing Missing Data
Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) are often included as an endpoint in prospective studies. Clinicians use the study results to help individuals with cancer make informed decisions about treatment. Missing PRO data threaten ... -
Localized prostate cancer patients' preferences for hypofractionated radiotherapy: A discrete choice experiment
Introduction: While external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) has always been a standard of care for localized prostate cancer patients, hypofractionated EBRT has now become a standard EBRT approach. We aimed to elicit the relative ... -
Reduction in Mortality Risk With Opioid Agonist Therapy: a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
(Wiley, 2019)Introduction Opioid agonist therapies are effective medications that can greatly improve the quality of life of individuals with opioid use disorder. However, there is significant uncertainty about the risks of cause‐specific ... -
Witnessing Public Drinking and its Relevance to Discrimination Against Individuals Living With Alcohol Use Disorders
Objective: The primary goal of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between how often a person perceives public drinking in their neighbourhood and if they discriminate against individuals living with ... -
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Post-Secondary Student Stressors Index
Background: Over the past several years, reports of excessive stress and symptoms of languishing mental health have been increasingly reported among samples of Canadian post-secondary students. Chronic stress is highly ... -
The influence of institution accrual on patient survival in Canadian cancer clinical trials
Purpose: To determine whether participating centre annual accrual and centre-size corrected (“proportional”) accrual are associated with overall survival in Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) clinical trials. Methods: ... -
Exploring Changes in the Father's Role and its Association with Child Outcomes in Mongolia
Background. Over the last three decades, Mongolia has experienced the effects of dramatic macro-environmental changes with implications on the lives of Mongolians. One area of concern is the influence of broader societal ... -
Applying epidemiologic concepts and principles to explore factors associated with error detection by radiotherapy quality assurance processes
Background: Incident Learning System (ILS) data are used by radiotherapy (RT) quality assurance (QA) programs for the purpose of improving quality and safety of RT delivery for patients. The objectives of this thesis ... -
Initiation of Prescription Opioids for Non-Cancer Pain and Risk of Treated Opioid Use Disorder: a Population-Based Study
Background: When measured in milligrams of morphine equivalents (MME) dispensed, Canada has the second highest rate of opioid prescribing in the world. Prescription opioids have been associated with adverse health outcomes, ... -
"Even Peacekeepers Expect Something in Return": An Exploratory Epidemiological Analysis of Sexual Interactions between UN Peacekeepers and Haitian Females
Background: In 2004, the UN sanctioned The United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) to address Haiti's political instability. Reports of sexual misconduct perpetrated by peacekeeping personnel, including ... -
Severe nutritional complications after bariatric surgery
Background: Severe post-operative malnutrition after bariatric surgery is believed to be very rare, but little is known about its incidence and risk factors. Post-surgical follow-up attendance at a bariatric centre reduces ... -
The associations between estrogens, the UGT2B17 gene deletion, and health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women in the MAP.3 chemoprevention trial
Background: Natural depletions of estrogens during menopause are likely associated with symptoms and declines in health-related quality of life (HRQL). For women taking exemestane in the Mammary Prevention 3 (MAP.3) trial, ... -
UGT2B17, exemestane metabolism, and their association with physical health-related quality of life in Caucasian postmenopausal women participating in the Mammary Prevention.3 Trial
Background: In the Mammary Prevention.3 (MAP.3) trial of exemestane (EXE) for breast cancer prevention, postmenopausal women commonly reported physical menopause-related symptoms, such as joint and muscle pain and fatigue. ... -
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Breast Cancer Risk
Background: A moderate amount of time spent in the sun has been hypothesized to be protective against several internal cancers, including breast cancer. This project summarized and synthesized existing literature on this ... -
Hepatitis C antibody and RNA tests for adults in provincial and federal correctional facilities in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to be high in correctional facilities. Testing for HCV begins with a blood test for antibodies followed by an HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) test to establish ...
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