Public Health Sciences, Department of
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Solar ultraviolet radiation and colorectal cancer risk in Canada
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Canada with an estimated 26,000 new cases in 2020. Novel modifiable risk factors such as solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) warrant research to promote ... -
POST-OPERATIVE LIVER DECOMPENSATION EVENTS FOLLOWING PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY AMONG PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Background: Partial hepatectomy, or liver resection, is a potentially-curative therapy for patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because the majority of patients with HCC have pre-existing cirrhosis, ... -
EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE MEDICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH QTC PROLONGATION: PREVALENCE AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH USE AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Medications are commonly used by older adults and can provide many benefits. However, harmful side effects may occur, particularly when multiple medications are prescribed. Prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval ... -
Malaria prevention in eastern Myanmar
Background: Insecticide-treated bed-nets (ITNs) and mass drug administration (MDA) are key malaria elimination tools but their varied uptake has not been extensively explored among ethnic minority and displaced populations ... -
Modelling the relationship between shift work and cardiometabolic risk through circadian disruption, sleep and stress pathways
Aim and objectives: The aim of this research was to use structural equation modelling methods to test an adaption of the model proposed by Knutsson and Boggild, and to elucidate and determine the multiple pathways linking ... -
The Compositional associations of time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity with all-cause mortality
INTRODUCTION: Daily time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) are compositional, co-dependent variables. The ... -
Exploring Indigenous Social Capital and Health Among Four First Nations: A Strengths-Based Study
The impact of social networks and relationships on health outcomes has been acknowledged and studied within the concept of “social capital” in the field of public health for over two decades. To date, however, few research ... -
Bullying Victimization and Subjective Health Complaints in Canadian Adolescents: Examining Spiritual Health Connections as Protective Heath Assets
Background: Young people victimized by bullying may draw on assets such as spiritual health to protect them from harm. Composed of the connections in our lives (to ourselves, others, nature, or something transcendent), ... -
Investigating Potential Bi-directional Relationships Between Sleep and Melatonin Among Day and Rotating Day/Night Shift Workers
Objectives: The first objective of this study is to describe measures of sleep in day and rotating shift workers. The second objective is to assess the bi-directional relationships between sleep and melatonin among: 1) ... -
The Role of Ultraviolet Radiation in the Development of Skin Cancer and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Canada
Background: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an established cause of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and moderate exposure is hypothesized to be protective against some non-cutaneous cancers, including ... -
Surgical versus medical treatment and mortality in patients with infective endocarditis: The effect of selection bias, immortal time bias, and time dependent confounding
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection of the endocardium. Available evidence on the comparative effect of medical versus surgical treatment of IE is limited by systematic error. It is unclear if ... -
Joint Modeling of Binary Response and Survival for Clustered data in Clinical Trials
(Wiley, 2020-02-10)In clinical trials, it is often desirable to evaluate the effect of a prognostic factor such as a marker response on a survival outcome. However, the marker response and survival outcome are usually associated with some ... -
Spatial Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Ontario
Introduction: In recent years, Ontario has witnessed a dramatic rise in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs); however, the spatial patterning and causal factors contributing to this increase are not fully ... -
Thyroid Cancer Treatment and Subsequent Infertility Diagnosis in Female Adolescents and Young Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Background: Unnecessary treatment of thyroid cancer as a result of increased surveillance may be associated with substantial side effects, including infertility, often without improvements in survival rates. Objective: ... -
Frequency of High Diagnostic Testing and its Association With the Specialist Interval in Ontario Symptomatic Breast Cancer Patients
Purpose: The breast cancer diagnostic process is complex. Patients can receive various tests including mammograms, ultrasounds, MRI scans and biopsies. A protracted time to diagnosis can affect a patient’s prognosis and ... -
Improving the Quality of Patient Reported Outcomes by Minimizing Missing Data
Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) are often included as an endpoint in prospective studies. Clinicians use the study results to help individuals with cancer make informed decisions about treatment. Missing PRO data threaten ... -
Localized prostate cancer patients' preferences for hypofractionated radiotherapy: A discrete choice experiment
Introduction: While external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) has always been a standard of care for localized prostate cancer patients, hypofractionated EBRT has now become a standard EBRT approach. We aimed to elicit the relative ... -
Reduction in Mortality Risk With Opioid Agonist Therapy: a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
(Wiley, 2019)Introduction Opioid agonist therapies are effective medications that can greatly improve the quality of life of individuals with opioid use disorder. However, there is significant uncertainty about the risks of cause‐specific ... -
Witnessing Public Drinking and its Relevance to Discrimination Against Individuals Living With Alcohol Use Disorders
Objective: The primary goal of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between how often a person perceives public drinking in their neighbourhood and if they discriminate against individuals living with ... -
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Post-Secondary Student Stressors Index
Background: Over the past several years, reports of excessive stress and symptoms of languishing mental health have been increasingly reported among samples of Canadian post-secondary students. Chronic stress is highly ...
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