Browsing Public Health Sciences, Department of by Title
Now showing items 38-57 of 209
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Describing the Effectiveness of Palliative Gemcitabine in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated at the Regional Cancer Centres of Ontario
(2012-08-08)Background: Palliative gemcitabine has been shown to prevent the deterioration of well-being and to prolong survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It is unknown whether ... -
Determinants and methods of assessment of melatonin levels among rotating shift nurses
(2008-06-30)Background: Long-term night shift work has been associated with multiple cancer sites, including breast, prostate, colon and endometrial. The mechanism for this effect is hypothesized to include the hormone melatonin; where ... -
Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania
(2013-10-02)Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death in Tanzanian women, with annual age-standardized mortality of 38 per 100,000. While organized screening programs have minimized cervical cancer rates in the developed ... -
Determinants of non-uptake of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine; The Ontario Grade 8 HPV Vaccine Cohort Study
(2013-02-04)Background: In 2007, the Canadian federal budget provided $300 million over three years to the provinces and territories to implement publicly-funded HPV immunization programs. Current estimates indicate that HPV vaccine ... -
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Post-Secondary Student Stressors Index
Background: Over the past several years, reports of excessive stress and symptoms of languishing mental health have been increasingly reported among samples of Canadian post-secondary students. Chronic stress is highly ... -
Development of a Questionnaire for Measuring the Quality of Personal Care in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
(2010-12-17)Background: Quality of patient care includes both technical and non-technical elements of care, referred to as personal care. Previous work has focused on assessing the quality of technical care in prostate cancer radiotherapy, ... -
The Diagnostic Interval of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Ontario by Degree of Rurality
(2015-10-03)Background: Wait times while moving through the cancer diagnostic process are a public health concern. Rural populations may experience more challenges in accessing cancer care, which could translate into a longer diagnostic ... -
Dietary Patterns and Risk of Diabetes and Mortality: Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness
(2009-07-08)The primary objective of this study was to assess the relationship between dietary patterns with diabetes and mortality risk from all-cause and cardiovascular disease while controlling for the confounding effects of fitness. ... -
The differential impact of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) genotypes on the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and resulting social communication deficits
(2016-08-15)Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is multifactorial and is likely the result of complex interactions between multiple environmental and genetic factors. Recently, it has been suggested that each symptom cluster ... -
Distance to specialist medical care and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in rural Saskatchewan
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-disordered breathing condition. Rural populations in Canada may be particularly at risk due to high reported levels of obesity, physical inactivity and ... -
Does in-hospital breastfeeding self-efficacy predict breastfeeding duration?
(2011-12-06)Background: Health Canada recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months postpartum with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years and beyond. While 88% of Canadian mothers initiate breastfeeding, only 70% of mothers ... -
Early Detection of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease by Monitoring Change in eGFR in CKD Stages 1, 2 & 3
(2014-10-14)RATIONALE: Early detection and effective treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is reported to halt or slow progression (pCKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many patients. Current guidelines recommend an eGFR ... -
The Economic Consequences of Delay in Radiotherapy: An Example in Early Breast Cancer
(2015-12-16)Waiting times for cancer radiotherapy have been a concern in Ontario for the past 20 years. A recent review of the clinical trials literature shows that waiting is associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Recurrence ... -
Effect of Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) Polymorphisms on Total Plasma Homocysteine Levels
(2008-09-27)BACKGROUND: Evidence supports that an elevated level of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) signifies a breakdown in the methionine-homocysteine cycle. This may result in folate deficiency, DNA methylation and oxidative ... -
The Effect of Antidepressants on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Population-based Cohort Study
(2007-09-17)Background: Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and venlafaxine have the potential to exert beneficial effects on the heart via serotonin mediated antiplatelet activity. However, ... -
Effect of computer decision support system on antibiotic utilization in a complex continuing care and rehabilitation hospital
(2007-07-18)Background: Considerable amount of inappropriate antibiotic utilization has been observed in both acute and non-acute care hospitals. Literature has shown that strategies such as an order entry (OE) and computer decision ... -
The Effect of Exemestane on Menopause-Specific Health-Related Quality of Life and a Comparison With Clinician-Reported Toxicities: an Analysis of the NCIC CTG MAP.2 Chemoprevention Trial
(2012-06-07)Background: Exemestane is a drug of great interest for breast cancer prevention, because it inhibits estrogen production. Estrogen may operate by increasing breast density, a well-established biomarker for increased breast ... -
Effects of BMI Status on the Occurence and Recovery From Injuries in Youth
(2009-08-26)Background: Injury and obesity are two of the leading public health problems in youth around the world. To reduce the burden of obesity, efforts are underway to increase physical activity participation; however, physical ... -
EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE MEDICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH QTC PROLONGATION: PREVALENCE AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH USE AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Medications are commonly used by older adults and can provide many benefits. However, harmful side effects may occur, particularly when multiple medications are prescribed. Prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval ... -
The Effects of Pre-operative Depression and/or Anxiety on Length of Stay of Cardiac Surgical Patients
(2010-11-04)Background: Previous literature has found mixed results concerning the relationship between depression, and anxiety, and length of hospital stay among cardiac surgical patients. Given the high prevalence of these psychiatric ...